Since commit v3.9.0-rc1~17^2~4 (Compilers: Port to use default
cmake_record_lang_compile_features macros, 2017-05-10) we run full
per-language-standard feature detection for MSVC.  This is not necessary
because the base mode for MSVC has all features we define except for the
meta-features for C++14 and above.  Override the default C++ feature
detection macro for MSVC to run detection only once as before.

Fixes: #17274