Android: Require Clang 18 for -std=c++23
Update the Clang version checks added by !8460 (merged) and !8480 (merged) to account for Android NDK r26's distribution of a Clang based on a development version of LLVM/Clang 17.0 that pre-dated addition of these flags.
Follow the pattern from !1913 (merged), which fixed the same problem for -std=c++17
.
Fixes: #25281 (closed)
Backport: release