CMake: Add option to build with PCH

This MR introduces PCH for the most expensive includes to improve build times. Additionally, I did some other smaller improvements without using PCH. PCH is only activated when using the Clang or MSVC compiler on any Platform, and for all compilers on Windows. These restrictions exist since Gcc is much slower with these changes.

Here are some Benchmarks that measure the build time of the complete CMake codebase:

All were run on this machine:

CPU: i7-12700k @ 5.0 GHz p-core, 4.0 GHz e-core
RAM: 32 GB, DDR4 @ 3200 MHz
DISK: 1TB NVME 970 EVO Plus
OS: Windows 11 22H2 22621.1848

Windows, Ninja 1.11.0, CMake 3.26.4, BUILD_TYPE=Debug
Before:
  Time (mean ± σ):     44.377 s ±  0.113 s    [User: 577.322 s, System: 95.428 s]
  Range (min … max):   44.260 s … 44.611 s    10 runs
After:
  Time (mean ± σ):     21.530 s ±  0.238 s    [User: 189.654 s, System: 66.940 s]
  Range (min … max):   21.238 s … 21.986 s    10 runs

~2.06x faster

Windows, Clang 16.0.6, Ninja 1.11.0, CMake 3.26.4, BUILD_TYPE=Debug
Before:
  Time (mean ± σ):     49.358 s ±  0.088 s    [User: 710.828 s, System: 70.272 s]
  Range (min … max):   49.237 s … 49.484 s    10 runs
After:
  Time (mean ± σ):     29.211 s ±  0.753 s    [User: 409.431 s, System: 56.650 s]
  Range (min … max):   28.037 s … 29.979 s    10 runs

~1.7x faster

Debian unstable/experimental (WSL2 6.1.21.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2+), Clang 16.0.5, Ninja 1.11.1, CMake 3.25.1, BUILD_TYPE=Debug
Before:
  Time (mean ± σ):     34.459 s ±  0.291 s    [User: 603.326 s, System: 38.245 s]
  Range (min … max):   34.169 s … 35.216 s    10 runs
After:
  Time (mean ± σ):     19.959 s ±  0.163 s    [User: 319.371 s, System: 29.997 s]
  Range (min … max):   19.650 s … 20.167 s    10 runs

~1.73x faster

Topic-rename: build-pch

added 11 commits

• 35de8391 - 1 earlier commit
• 28687f74 - cmGlobalGenerator: Remove unused windows.h include
• 2adaecdd - CMake: Add CMake_BUILD_PCH dependent option
• 45b642a8 - C{Make,Test}Lib: Precompile common expensive headers
• 520adbcc - CMakeLibTests: Precompile common expensive headers
• 8dd2b88a - bzip: Precompile expensive windows.h header
• fcebbc0b - curl: Precompile expensive windows.h header
• 13b8be1f - libarchive: Precompile expensive windows.h header
• 9b4a5a5c - liblzma: Precompile expensive windows.h header
• e29a28e6 - cmcppdap: Precompile common expensive headers
• e770c62a - libuv: Precompile expensive windows.h header

Compare with previous version

added 13 commits

• e770c62a...cac12b5b - 3 earlier commits
• 121e4276 - cmGlobalGenerator: Remove unused windows.h include
• bb8e8bcd - CMake: Add CMake_BUILD_PCH dependent option
• 7d345577 - C{Make,Test}Lib: Precompile common expensive headers
• 146534e4 - CMakeLibTests: Precompile common expensive headers
• fb000a27 - bzip: Precompile expensive windows.h header
• bc22028b - curl: Precompile expensive windows.h header
• 20d03495 - libarchive: Precompile expensive windows.h header
• 41f15b14 - liblzma: Precompile expensive windows.h header
• efb16b8a - cmcppdap: Precompile common expensive headers
• adce50a6 - libuv: Precompile expensive windows.h header

Compare with previous version

resolved all threads

changed milestone to %3.28.0

added workflow:in-review label

changed title from All: Improve build times by introducing PCH for selected build configurations to Build CMake itself with PCH for some toolchains

changed the description

changed title from Build CMake itself with PCH for some toolchains to CMake: Build with PCH for some toolchains

added workflow:wip label and removed workflow:in-review label

added 9 commits

• b0773956 - CMake: Add CMake_BUILD_PCH dependent option
• 7fe9efdc - C{Make,Test}Lib: Precompile common expensive headers
• 33631a64 - CMakeLibTests: Precompile common expensive headers
• 2f2082db - bzip: Precompile common expensive headers
• 6b47b4b6 - curl: Precompile common expensive headers
• ae642cfa - libarchive: Precompile common expensive headers
• 73f10dcf - liblzma: Precompile common expensive headers
• 17107093 - cmcppdap: Precompile common expensive headers
• c2319366 - libuv: Precompile common expensive headers

Compare with previous version

resolved all threads

added workflow:in-review label and removed workflow:wip label

assigned to @brad.king

Do: stage

added workflow:nightly-testing label and removed workflow:in-review label

@ben.boeckel cmake-vm01.nvidia seems to fail with PCH, due to memory limits: https://open.cdash.org/build/8790554

The linked blog post suggests that PCH files above 250 MB should be considered large. I've measured the PCH of the CMakeLib target, the one that is failing, to be 206.848 MB. What should I do about it?

Do: unstage

added workflow:wip label and removed workflow:nightly-testing label