Tests: Add test for file(DOWNLOAD) with TLS_VERIFY

scivisionrequested to merge
scivision/cmake:tlstest into master

Occasionally curl updates introduce errors in https verification. Add an explicit test for this capability, activated by an undocumented option that we can use in CI to specify a URL to test.

Fixes: #24405 (closed)
Issue: #24147 (closed)
Issue: #24398 (closed)
Backport: release
Topic-rename: test-https-connections

Edited by Brad King

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