gitlab-ci: add jobs testing Intel 2021.3, 2021.4, and 2022.0 compilers on Linux
Note that the classic compiler version is 2021.5.0, but we still have it in the 2022.0.2 base image.
Edited by Brad King
Note that the classic compiler version is 2021.5.0, but we still have it in the 2022.0.2 base image.