Compiler/TI: Improvements

Improvements:

• Added architecture detection
• Refactored to use a common definition for CXX/C/ASM
• Make sure to avoid linker response file
• Avoid usage of ranlib (fixes #14876 (closed))
• Adds compiler flags to linker (replaces !4890 (closed))

This is tested with

• Generators: Unix Makefiles, Ninja
• Compiler: ti-cgt-arm_20.2.1.LTS, ti-cgt-c2000_20.2.1.LTS, ti-cgt-c6000_8.3.6, ti-cgt-msp430_20.2.1.LTS