Attenuation

VTKExamples/Cxx/ImageProcessing/Attenuation

Description¶

This MRI image illustrates attenuation that can occur due to sensor position. The artifact is removed by dividing by the attenuation profile determined manually. This histograms shows how the artifact hides information in the form of scalar value clusters.

Info

See this figure in Chapter 10 the VTK Textbook.

Other Languages

See (Python)

Code¶

Attenuation.cxx

#include <vtkImageActor.h>
#include <vtkImageCast.h>
#include <vtkImageCast.h>
#include <vtkImageGaussianSmooth.h>
#include <vtkImageGaussianSmooth.h>
#include <vtkImageMapper3D.h>
#include <vtkImageMathematics.h>
#include <vtkImageProperty.h>
#include <vtkImageReader2.h>
#include <vtkImageReader2Factory.h>
#include <vtkImageShiftScale.h>
#include <vtkInteractorStyleImage.h>
#include <vtkInteractorStyleImage.h>
#include <vtkNamedColors.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
#include <vtkSampleFunction.h>
#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
#include <vtkSphere.h>

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{

  // Verify input arguments
  if ( argc != 2 )
  {
    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0]
              << " Filename" << std::endl;
    return EXIT_FAILURE;
  }

  // Read the image
  vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageReader2Factory> readerFactory =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageReader2Factory>::New();
  vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageReader2> reader =
    readerFactory->CreateImageReader2(argv[1]);
  reader->SetFileName(argv[1]);

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageCast> cast =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageCast>::New();
  cast->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
  cast->SetOutputScalarTypeToDouble();

// get rid of discrete scalars);
  vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageGaussianSmooth> smooth =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageGaussianSmooth>::New();
  smooth->SetInputConnection(cast->GetOutputPort());
  smooth->SetStandardDeviations(0.8, 0.8, 0);

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkSphere> m1 =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkSphere>::New();
  m1->SetCenter(310, 130, 0);
  m1->SetRadius(0);

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkSampleFunction> m2 =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkSampleFunction>::New();
  m2->SetImplicitFunction(m1);
  m2->SetModelBounds(0, 264, 0, 264, 0, 1);
  m2->SetSampleDimensions(264, 264, 1);

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageShiftScale> m3 =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageShiftScale>::New();
  m3->SetInputConnection(m2->GetOutputPort());
  m3->SetScale(0.000095);

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageMathematics> div =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageMathematics>::New();
  div->SetInputConnection(0, smooth->GetOutputPort());
  div->SetInputConnection(1, m3->GetOutputPort());
  div->SetOperationToMultiply();

  // Create actors
  vtkSmartPointer<vtkNamedColors> colors =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkNamedColors>::New();

  double colorWindow = 256.0;
  double colorLevel = 127.5;
  vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor> originalActor =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor>::New();
  originalActor->GetMapper()->SetInputConnection(cast->GetOutputPort());
  originalActor->GetProperty()->SetColorWindow(colorWindow);
  originalActor->GetProperty()->SetColorLevel(colorLevel);

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor> filteredActor =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor>::New();
  filteredActor->GetMapper()->SetInputConnection(div->GetOutputPort());

  // Define viewport ranges
  // (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax)
  double originalViewport[4] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0};
  double filteredViewport[4] = {0.5, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0};

  // Setup renderers
  vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> originalRenderer =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
  originalRenderer->SetViewport(originalViewport);
  originalRenderer->AddActor(originalActor);
  originalRenderer->ResetCamera();
  originalRenderer->SetBackground(colors->GetColor3d("SlateGray").GetData());

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> filteredRenderer =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
  filteredRenderer->SetViewport(filteredViewport);
  filteredRenderer->AddActor(filteredActor);
  filteredRenderer->ResetCamera();
  filteredRenderer->SetBackground(colors->GetColor3d("LightSlateGray").GetData());

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow> renderWindow =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();
  renderWindow->SetSize(600, 300);
  renderWindow->AddRenderer(originalRenderer);
  renderWindow->AddRenderer(filteredRenderer);

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> renderWindowInteractor =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();
  vtkSmartPointer<vtkInteractorStyleImage> style =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkInteractorStyleImage>::New();

  renderWindowInteractor->SetInteractorStyle(style);

  renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
  renderWindowInteractor->Initialize();

  renderWindowInteractor->Start();

  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

CMakeLists.txt¶

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)

PROJECT(Attenuation)

find_package(VTK REQUIRED)
include(${VTK_USE_FILE})

add_executable(Attenuation MACOSX_BUNDLE Attenuation.cxx )

target_link_libraries(Attenuation ${VTK_LIBRARIES})

Download and Build Attenuation¶

Click here to download Attenuation and its CMakeLists.txt file. Once the tarball Attenuation.tar has been downloaded and extracted,

cd Attenuation/build

If VTK is installed:

cmake ..

If VTK is not installed but compiled on your system, you will need to specify the path to your VTK build:

cmake -DVTK_DIR:PATH=/home/me/vtk_build ..

Build the project:

make

and run it:

./Attenuation

WINDOWS USERS

Be sure to add the VTK bin directory to your path. This will resolve the VTK dll's at run time.