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# FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue

VTKEx/Cxx/Visualization/FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue

### Description

All frog parts including a translucent skin.

This example is a modification of ViewFrogSkinAndTissue using vtkFlyingEdges3D for contouring. However there is an option to use vtkMarchingCubes instead.

Info

See Figure 12-9a, Figure 12-9b and Figure 12-9c in Chapter 12 of the VTK Textbook.

Other languages

See (Python)

Question

If you have a simple question about this example contact us at VTKExProject If your question is more complex and may require extended discussion, please use the VTK Discourse Forum

### Code

FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue.cxx

    #include <vtkActor.h>
    #include <vtkCamera.h>
    #include <vtkFlyingEdges3D.h>
    #include <vtkImageGaussianSmooth.h>
    #include <vtkImageThreshold.h>
    #include <vtkLookupTable.h>
    #include <vtkMarchingCubes.h>
    #include <vtkMetaImageReader.h>
    #include <vtkNamedColors.h>
    #include <vtkNew.h>
    #include <vtkPolyDataMapper.h>
    #include <vtkPolyDataNormals.h>
    #include <vtkProperty.h>
    #include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
    #include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
    #include <vtkRenderer.h>
    #include <vtkStripper.h>
    #include <vtkWindowedSincPolyDataFilter.h>

    #include <array>
    #include <map>
    #include <vector>

    namespace {
    void CreateFrogLut(vtkLookupTable* colorLut);
    void CreateFrogSkinActor(std::string fileName, vtkActor* actor,
                             bool const& useMarchingCubes);
    void CreateFrogActor(std::string fileName, int tissue, vtkActor* actor,
                         bool const& useMarchingCubes);
    } // namespace

    int main(int argc, char* argv[])
    {
      if (argc < 3)
      {
        std::cout << "Display all frog parts and translucent skin." << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0]
                  << " filename1 filename2 [noSkin] [noSkeleton] [useMarchingCubes]"
                  << std::endl;
        std::cout << "where: filename1 is frog.mhd," << std::endl;
        std::cout << "       filename2 is frogtissue.mhd" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "       noSkin = 0|1" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "       noSkeleton = 0|1" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "       useMarchingCubes = 0|1" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Examples:" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Frog, using vtkFlyingEdges3D: frog.mhd frogtissue.mhd"
                  << std::endl;
        std::cout
            << "Frog, using vtkMarchingCubes: frog.mhd frogtissue.mhd, 0, 0, 1"
            << std::endl;
        std::cout
            << "Frog with no skin, the parameters are: frog.mhd frogtissue.mhd 1"
            << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Frog with no skin or skeleton, the parameters are: frog.mhd "
                     "frogtissue.mhd 1 1"
                  << std::endl;
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
      }
      std::string frogSkin = argv[1];
      std::string frogTissues = argv[2];
      auto noSkin = false;
      auto noSkeleton = false;
      auto useMarchingCubes = false;
      if (argc > 3)
      {
        if (atoi(argv[3]) != 0)
        {
          noSkin = true;
        }
      }
      if (argc > 4)
      {
        if (atoi(argv[4]) != 0)
        {
          noSkeleton = true;
        }
      }
      if (argc > 5)
      {
        if (atoi(argv[5]) != 0)
        {
          useMarchingCubes = true;
        }
      }

      if (useMarchingCubes)
      {
        std::cout << "Using vtkMarchingCubes." << std::endl;
      }
      else
      {
        std::cout << "Using vtkFlyingEdges3D." << std::endl;
      }

      vtkNew<vtkNamedColors> colors;

      vtkNew<vtkLookupTable> colorLut;
      colorLut->SetNumberOfColors(17);
      colorLut->SetTableRange(0, 16);
      colorLut->Build();
      CreateFrogLut(colorLut);

      // Setup render window, renderer, and interactor.
      vtkNew<vtkRenderer> renderer;
      vtkNew<vtkRenderWindow> renderWindow;
      renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer);
      vtkNew<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> renderWindowInteractor;
      renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);

      if (!noSkin)
      {
        // The skin.
        vtkNew<vtkActor> skinActor;
        skinActor->GetProperty()->SetColor(
            colors->GetColor3d("LimeGreen").GetData());
        skinActor->GetProperty()->SetOpacity(0.4);
        CreateFrogSkinActor(frogSkin, skinActor, useMarchingCubes);
        renderer->AddActor(skinActor);
        std::cout << "Tissue: skin" << std::endl;
      }

      // Now for the tissues.
      // Use this to ensure that the tissues are selected in this order.
      std::array<std::string, 15> tissues = {
          {"blood", "brain", "duodenum", "eyeRetina", "eyeWhite", "heart", "ileum",
           "kidney", "intestine", "liver", "lung", "nerve", "skeleton", "spleen",
           "stomach"}};

      auto tissueNumber = 0;
      for (auto tissue : tissues)
      {
        tissueNumber++;
        if (noSkeleton)
        {
          if (tissue == "skeleton")
          {
            continue;
          }
        }
        vtkNew<vtkActor> actor;
        actor->GetProperty()->SetDiffuseColor(
            colorLut->GetTableValue(tissueNumber));
        actor->GetProperty()->SetSpecular(.5);
        actor->GetProperty()->SetSpecularPower(10);
        CreateFrogActor(frogTissues, tissueNumber, actor, useMarchingCubes);
        renderer->AddActor(actor);
        std::cout << "Tissue: " << tissue << ", Label: " << tissueNumber
                  << std::endl;
      }

      renderer->GetActiveCamera()->SetViewUp(0, 0, -1);
      renderer->GetActiveCamera()->SetPosition(0, -1, 0);

      renderer->GetActiveCamera()->Azimuth(210);
      renderer->GetActiveCamera()->Elevation(30);
      renderer->ResetCamera();
      renderer->ResetCameraClippingRange();
      renderer->GetActiveCamera()->Dolly(1.5);
      renderer->SetBackground(colors->GetColor3d("SlateGray").GetData());

      renderWindow->SetSize(640, 480);
      renderWindow->SetWindowName("Frog");
      renderWindow->Render();

      renderWindowInteractor->Start();

      return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    }

    namespace {

    void CreateFrogLut(vtkLookupTable* colorLut)
    {
      vtkNew<vtkNamedColors> colors;
      colorLut->SetTableValue(0, colors->GetColor4d("black").GetData());
      colorLut->SetTableValue(1,
                              colors->GetColor4d("salmon").GetData()); // blood
      colorLut->SetTableValue(2,
                              colors->GetColor4d("beige").GetData()); // brain
      colorLut->SetTableValue(3,
                              colors->GetColor4d("orange").GetData()); // duodenum
      colorLut->SetTableValue(4,
                              colors->GetColor4d("misty_rose").GetData()); // retina
      colorLut->SetTableValue(5,
                              colors->GetColor4d("white").GetData()); // eye_white
      colorLut->SetTableValue(6,
                              colors->GetColor4d("tomato").GetData()); // heart
      colorLut->SetTableValue(7,
                              colors->GetColor4d("raspberry").GetData()); // ileum
      colorLut->SetTableValue(8,
                              colors->GetColor4d("banana").GetData()); // kidney
      colorLut->SetTableValue(9,
                              colors->GetColor4d("peru").GetData()); // l_intestine
      colorLut->SetTableValue(10,
                              colors->GetColor4d("pink").GetData()); // liver
      colorLut->SetTableValue(11,
                              colors->GetColor4d("powder_blue").GetData()); // lung
      colorLut->SetTableValue(12,
                              colors->GetColor4d("carrot").GetData()); // nerve
      colorLut->SetTableValue(13,
                              colors->GetColor4d("wheat").GetData()); // skeleton
      colorLut->SetTableValue(14,
                              colors->GetColor4d("violet").GetData()); // spleen
      colorLut->SetTableValue(15,
                              colors->GetColor4d("plum").GetData()); // stomach
    }

    void CreateFrogSkinActor(std::string fileName, vtkActor* actor,
                             bool const& useMarchingCubes)
    {
      vtkNew<vtkMetaImageReader> reader;
      reader->SetFileName(fileName.c_str());
      reader->Update();

      double isoValue = 20.5;
      vtkNew<vtkMarchingCubes> mcubes;
      vtkNew<vtkFlyingEdges3D> flyingEdges;
      vtkNew<vtkWindowedSincPolyDataFilter> smoother;
      if (useMarchingCubes)
      {
        mcubes->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
        mcubes->ComputeScalarsOff();
        mcubes->ComputeGradientsOff();
        mcubes->ComputeNormalsOff();
        mcubes->SetValue(0, isoValue);
        smoother->SetInputConnection(mcubes->GetOutputPort());
      }
      else
      {
        flyingEdges->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
        flyingEdges->ComputeScalarsOff();
        flyingEdges->ComputeGradientsOff();
        flyingEdges->ComputeNormalsOff();
        flyingEdges->SetValue(0, isoValue);
        smoother->SetInputConnection(flyingEdges->GetOutputPort());
      }

      int smoothingIterations = 5;
      double passBand = 0.001;
      double featureAngle = 60.0;
      smoother->SetNumberOfIterations(smoothingIterations);
      smoother->BoundarySmoothingOff();
      smoother->FeatureEdgeSmoothingOff();
      smoother->SetFeatureAngle(featureAngle);
      smoother->SetPassBand(passBand);
      smoother->NonManifoldSmoothingOn();
      smoother->NormalizeCoordinatesOn();
      smoother->Update();

      vtkNew<vtkPolyDataNormals> normals;
      normals->SetInputConnection(smoother->GetOutputPort());
      normals->SetFeatureAngle(featureAngle);

      vtkNew<vtkStripper> stripper;
      stripper->SetInputConnection(normals->GetOutputPort());

      vtkNew<vtkPolyDataMapper> mapper;
      mapper->SetInputConnection(stripper->GetOutputPort());

      actor->SetMapper(mapper);
      return;
    }

    void CreateFrogActor(std::string fileName, int tissue, vtkActor* actor,
                         bool const& useMarchingCubes)
    {
      vtkNew<vtkMetaImageReader> reader;
      reader->SetFileName(fileName.c_str());
      reader->Update();

      vtkNew<vtkImageThreshold> selectTissue;
      selectTissue->ThresholdBetween(tissue, tissue);
      selectTissue->SetInValue(255);
      selectTissue->SetOutValue(0);
      selectTissue->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());

      int gaussianRadius = 1;
      double gaussianStandardDeviation = 2.0;
      vtkNew<vtkImageGaussianSmooth> gaussian;
      gaussian->SetStandardDeviations(gaussianStandardDeviation,
                                      gaussianStandardDeviation,
                                      gaussianStandardDeviation);
      gaussian->SetRadiusFactors(gaussianRadius, gaussianRadius, gaussianRadius);
      gaussian->SetInputConnection(selectTissue->GetOutputPort());

      double isoValue = 127.5;
      vtkNew<vtkMarchingCubes> mcubes;
      vtkNew<vtkFlyingEdges3D> flyingEdges;
      vtkNew<vtkWindowedSincPolyDataFilter> smoother;
      if (useMarchingCubes)
      {
        mcubes->SetInputConnection(gaussian->GetOutputPort());
        mcubes->ComputeScalarsOff();
        mcubes->ComputeGradientsOff();
        mcubes->ComputeNormalsOff();
        mcubes->SetValue(0, isoValue);
        smoother->SetInputConnection(mcubes->GetOutputPort());
      }
      else
      {
        flyingEdges->SetInputConnection(gaussian->GetOutputPort());
        flyingEdges->ComputeScalarsOff();
        flyingEdges->ComputeGradientsOff();
        flyingEdges->ComputeNormalsOff();
        flyingEdges->SetValue(0, isoValue);
        smoother->SetInputConnection(flyingEdges->GetOutputPort());
      }

      int smoothingIterations = 5;
      double passBand = 0.001;
      double featureAngle = 60.0;
      smoother->SetNumberOfIterations(smoothingIterations);
      smoother->BoundarySmoothingOff();
      smoother->FeatureEdgeSmoothingOff();
      smoother->SetFeatureAngle(featureAngle);
      smoother->SetPassBand(passBand);
      smoother->NonManifoldSmoothingOn();
      smoother->NormalizeCoordinatesOn();
      smoother->Update();

      vtkNew<vtkPolyDataNormals> normals;
      normals->SetInputConnection(smoother->GetOutputPort());
      normals->SetFeatureAngle(featureAngle);

      vtkNew<vtkStripper> stripper;
      stripper->SetInputConnection(normals->GetOutputPort());

      vtkNew<vtkPolyDataMapper> mapper;
      mapper->SetInputConnection(stripper->GetOutputPort());

      actor->SetMapper(mapper);
      return;
    }

    } // namespace

### CMakeLists.txt

    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.3 FATAL_ERROR)

    project(FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue)

    find_package(VTK COMPONENTS
      vtkCommonColor
      vtkCommonCore
      vtkFiltersCore
      vtkIOImage
      vtkImagingCore
      vtkImagingGeneral
      vtkInteractionStyle
      vtkRenderingContextOpenGL2
      vtkRenderingCore
      vtkRenderingFreeType
      vtkRenderingGL2PSOpenGL2
      vtkRenderingOpenGL2 QUIET)
    if (NOT VTK_FOUND)
      message("Skipping FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue: ${VTK_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE}")
      return ()
    endif()
    message (STATUS "VTK_VERSION: ${VTK_VERSION}")
    if (VTK_VERSION VERSION_LESS "8.90.0")
      # old system
      include(${VTK_USE_FILE})
      add_executable(FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue MACOSX_BUNDLE FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue.cxx )
      target_link_libraries(FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue PRIVATE ${VTK_LIBRARIES})
    else ()
      # include all components
      add_executable(FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue MACOSX_BUNDLE FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue.cxx )
      target_link_libraries(FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue PRIVATE ${VTK_LIBRARIES})
      # vtk_module_autoinit is needed
      vtk_module_autoinit(
        TARGETS FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue
        MODULES ${VTK_LIBRARIES}
        )
    endif ()

### Download and Build FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue

Click here to download FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue and its CMakeLists.txt file. Once the tarball FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue.tar has been downloaded and extracted,

    cd FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue/build

If VTK is installed:

    cmake ..

If VTK is not installed but compiled on your system, you will need to specify the path to your VTK build:

    cmake -DVTK_DIR:PATH=/home/me/vtk_build ..

Build the project:

    make

and run it:

    ./FlyingFrogSkinAndTissue

WINDOWS USERS

Be sure to add the VTK bin directory to your path. This will resolve the VTK dll's at run time.