# PlatonicSolids

VTKExamples/Python/GeometricObjects/PlatonicSolids

### Description

Display all five Platonic solids in a grid.

Platonic solids are regular, convex polyhedrons. They are constructed by congruent (identical in shape and size) regular (all angles equal and all sides equal) polygonal faces with the same number of faces meeting at each vertex.

Five solids satisfy the above criteria:

Figure | Tetrahedron | Cube | Octahedron | Icosahedron | Dodecahedron
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Vertices | 4 | 8 | 6 (2 × 3) | 12 (4 × 3) | 20 (8 + 4 × 3)
Edges | 6 | 12 | 12 | 30 | 30
Faces | 4 | 6 | 8 | 20 | 12

The relationship between vertices, edges and faces is given by Euler's formula:

    V - E + F = 2

Other Languages

See (Cxx)

### Code

PlatonicSolids.py

    #!/usr/bin/env python

    import vtk

    def main():
        colors = vtk.vtkNamedColors()

        # Each face has a different cell scalar
        # Here we create a lookup table with a different colour
        # for each face. The colors have been carefully
        # chosen so that adjacent cells are colored distinctly.
        lut = vtk.vtkLookupTable()
        lut.SetNumberOfTableValues(20)
        lut.SetTableRange(0.0, 19.0)
        lut.Build()
        lut.SetTableValue(0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1)
        lut.SetTableValue(1, 0, 0, 1)
        lut.SetTableValue(2, 0, 1, 0)
        lut.SetTableValue(3, 0, 1, 1)
        lut.SetTableValue(4, 1, 0, 0)
        lut.SetTableValue(5, 1, 0, 1)
        lut.SetTableValue(6, 1, 1, 0)
        lut.SetTableValue(7, 0.9, 0.7, 0.9)
        lut.SetTableValue(8, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
        lut.SetTableValue(9, 0.0, 0.0, 0.7)
        lut.SetTableValue(10, 0.5, 0.7, 0.5)
        lut.SetTableValue(11, 0, 0.7, 0.7)
        lut.SetTableValue(12, 0.7, 0, 0)
        lut.SetTableValue(13, 0.7, 0, 0.7)
        lut.SetTableValue(14, 0.7, 0.7, 0)
        lut.SetTableValue(15, 0, 0, 0.4)
        lut.SetTableValue(16, 0, 0.4, 0)
        lut.SetTableValue(17, 0, 0.4, 0.4)
        lut.SetTableValue(18, 0.4, 0, 0)
        lut.SetTableValue(19, 0.4, 0, 0.4)

        mappers = list()
        actors = list()
        textMappers = list()
        textActors = list()
        renderers = list()

        # Create a common text property.
        textProperty = vtk.vtkTextProperty()
        textProperty.SetFontSize(16)
        textProperty.SetJustificationToCentered()

        # Create the render window and interactor.
        renWin = vtk.vtkRenderWindow()
        renWin.SetWindowName("Platonic Solids")

        iRen = vtk.vtkRenderWindowInteractor()
        iRen.SetRenderWindow(renWin)

        # Create the source, renderer, mapper
        # and actor for each object.
        PlatonicSolids = list()
        # There are five Platonic solids.
        names = ["Tetrahedron", "Cube", "Octahedron", "Icosahedron", "Dodecahedron"]
        for i in range(0, len(names)):
            PlatonicSolids.append(vtk.vtkPlatonicSolidSource())
            PlatonicSolids[i].SetSolidType(i)

            mappers.append(vtk.vtkPolyDataMapper())
            mappers[i].SetInputConnection(PlatonicSolids[i].GetOutputPort())
            mappers[i].SetLookupTable(lut)
            mappers[i].SetScalarRange(0, 19)

            actors.append(vtk.vtkActor())
            actors[i].SetMapper(mappers[i])

            textMappers.append(vtk.vtkTextMapper())
            textMappers[i].SetInput(names[i])
            textMappers[i].SetTextProperty(textProperty)

            textActors.append(vtk.vtkActor2D())
            textActors[i].SetMapper(textMappers[i])
            textActors[i].SetPosition(120, 16)

            renderers.append(vtk.vtkRenderer())
            renderers[i].AddActor(actors[i])
            renderers[i].AddViewProp(textActors[i])

            renWin.AddRenderer(renderers[i])

        # Setup the viewports
        xGridDimensions = 3
        yGridDimensions = 2
        rendererSize = 300
        renWin.SetSize(rendererSize * xGridDimensions, rendererSize * yGridDimensions)
        for row in range(0, yGridDimensions):
            for col in range(0, xGridDimensions):
                index = row * xGridDimensions + col

                # (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax)
                viewport = [float(col) / xGridDimensions,
                            float(yGridDimensions - (row + 1)) / yGridDimensions,
                            float(col + 1) / xGridDimensions,
                            float(yGridDimensions - row) / yGridDimensions]

                if index > (len(actors) - 1):
                    # Add a renderer even if there is no actor.
                    # This makes the render window background all the same color.
                    ren = vtk.vtkRenderer()
                    ren.SetBackground(colors.GetColor3d("SlateGray"))
                    ren.SetViewport(viewport)
                    renWin.AddRenderer(ren)
                    continue

                renderers[index].SetViewport(viewport)
                renderers[index].SetBackground(colors.GetColor3d("SlateGray"))
                renderers[index].ResetCamera()
                renderers[index].GetActiveCamera().Azimuth(4.5)
                renderers[index].GetActiveCamera().Elevation(-18)
                renderers[index].ResetCameraClippingRange()

        iRen.Initialize()
        renWin.Render()
        iRen.Start()

    if __name__ == "__main__":
        main()