EnhanceEdges

VTKExamples/Python/ImageProcessing/EnhanceEdges

Description

High-pass filters can also be used to compress the range of an image. Since low frequencies account for much of the dynamic range of an image but carry little information, a high-pass filter can significantly decrease an image’s scalar range and emphasize hidden details. The Laplacian filter, which is a second derivative operation, is one implementation of a high-pass filter. It eliminates constant and low frequencies leaving only high-frequency edges. The output of the Laplacian can be subtracted from the original image to produce edge enhancement or sharpening of an image.

This example subtracts the Laplacian (middle) from the original image (left) resulting in edge enhancement or a sharpening operation (right).

Code

EnhanceEdges.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

"""
"""

import vtk


def main():
    # colors = vtk.vtkNamedColors()

    fileName = get_program_parameters()

    # Read the image.
    readerFactory = vtk.vtkImageReader2Factory()
    reader = readerFactory.CreateImageReader2(fileName)
    reader.SetFileName(fileName)
    reader.Update()

    scalarRange = [0] * 2
    scalarRange[0] = reader.GetOutput().GetPointData().GetScalars().GetRange()[0]
    scalarRange[1] = reader.GetOutput().GetPointData().GetScalars().GetRange()[1]
    print("Range:", scalarRange)
    middleSlice = 22

    # Work with triple images.
    cast = vtk.vtkImageCast()
    cast.SetInputConnection(reader.GetOutputPort())
    cast.SetOutputScalarTypeToDouble()
    cast.Update()

    laplacian = vtk.vtkImageLaplacian()
    laplacian.SetInputConnection(cast.GetOutputPort())
    laplacian.SetDimensionality(3)

    enhance = vtk.vtkImageMathematics()
    enhance.SetInputConnection(0, cast.GetOutputPort())
    enhance.SetInputConnection(1, laplacian.GetOutputPort())
    enhance.SetOperationToSubtract()

    colorWindow = (scalarRange[1] - scalarRange[0])
    colorLevel = colorWindow / 2

    # Map the image through the lookup table.
    originalColor = vtk.vtkImageMapToWindowLevelColors()
    originalColor.SetWindow(colorWindow)
    originalColor.SetLevel(colorLevel)
    originalColor.SetInputConnection(reader.GetOutputPort())

    originalActor = vtk.vtkImageActor()
    originalActor.GetMapper().SetInputConnection(originalColor.GetOutputPort())
    originalActor.GetProperty().SetInterpolationTypeToNearest()
    originalActor.SetDisplayExtent(
        reader.GetDataExtent()[0], reader.GetDataExtent()[1],
        reader.GetDataExtent()[2], reader.GetDataExtent()[3],
        middleSlice, middleSlice)

    laplacianColor = vtk.vtkImageMapToWindowLevelColors()
    laplacianColor.SetWindow(1000)
    laplacianColor.SetLevel(0)
    laplacianColor.SetInputConnection(laplacian.GetOutputPort())

    laplacianActor = vtk.vtkImageActor()
    laplacianActor.GetMapper().SetInputConnection(laplacianColor.GetOutputPort())
    laplacianActor.GetProperty().SetInterpolationTypeToNearest()
    laplacianActor.SetDisplayExtent(originalActor.GetDisplayExtent())

    enhancedColor = vtk.vtkImageMapToWindowLevelColors()
    enhancedColor.SetWindow(colorWindow)
    enhancedColor.SetLevel(colorLevel)
    enhancedColor.SetInputConnection(enhance.GetOutputPort())

    enhancedActor = vtk.vtkImageActor()
    enhancedActor.GetMapper().SetInputConnection(enhancedColor.GetOutputPort())
    enhancedActor.GetProperty().SetInterpolationTypeToNearest()
    enhancedActor.SetDisplayExtent(originalActor.GetDisplayExtent())

    # Setup the renderers.
    originalRenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer()
    originalRenderer.AddActor(originalActor)
    laplacianRenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer()
    laplacianRenderer.AddActor(laplacianActor)
    enhancedRenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer()
    enhancedRenderer.AddActor(enhancedActor)

    renderers = list()
    renderers.append(originalRenderer)
    renderers.append(laplacianRenderer)
    renderers.append(enhancedRenderer)

    # Setup viewports for the renderers.
    rendererSize = 400
    xGridDimensions = 3
    yGridDimensions = 1

    renderWindow = vtk.vtkRenderWindow()
    renderWindow.SetSize(rendererSize * xGridDimensions, rendererSize * yGridDimensions)
    for row in range(0, yGridDimensions):
        for col in range(xGridDimensions):
            index = row * xGridDimensions + col
            # (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax)
            viewport = [float(col) / xGridDimensions, float(yGridDimensions - (row + 1)) / yGridDimensions,
                        float(col + 1) / xGridDimensions, float(yGridDimensions - row) / yGridDimensions]
            renderers[index].SetViewport(viewport)
            renderWindow.AddRenderer(renderers[index])

    renderWindowInteractor = vtk.vtkRenderWindowInteractor()
    style = vtk.vtkInteractorStyleImage()

    renderWindowInteractor.SetInteractorStyle(style)
    renderWindowInteractor.SetRenderWindow(renderWindow)

    # Renderers share one camera.
    renderWindow.Render()
    renderers[0].GetActiveCamera().Dolly(1.5)
    renderers[0].ResetCameraClippingRange()

    for r in range(1, len(renderers)):
        renderers[r].SetActiveCamera(renderers[0].GetActiveCamera())
    renderWindowInteractor.Initialize()
    renderWindowInteractor.Start()


def get_program_parameters():
    import argparse
    description = 'High-pass filters can extract and enhance edges in an image.'
    epilogue = '''
    Subtraction of the Laplacian (middle) from the original image (left) results
     in edge enhancement or a sharpening operation (right).
    '''
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=description, epilog=epilogue,
                                     formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter)
    parser.add_argument('filename', help='FullHead.mhd.')
    args = parser.parse_args()
    return args.filename


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()