Offer the capability, through variable `CMAKE_LINKER_TYPE`, as well as
the target property `LINKER_TYPE` to specify which linker must be used.

The implementation of this capability is specified by variables specific
to the language and linker type: `CMAKE_<LANG>_USING_LINKER_<TYPE>`.
Some definitions are provided as part of `CMake`.

For example, to select the `LLVM` linker rather than the standard one,
the type `LLD` should be specified through the variable `CMAKE_LINKER_TYPE`.
And, on `Apple`, `Linux` and some environments on `Windows`, the variable
`CMAKE_<LANG>_USING_LINKER_LLD` has value `-fuse-ld=lld`. And for `Windows`
environments  based on `MSVC`, where the linker is used directly, the tool
`lld-link.exe` will be used rather than `link.exe`.

Fixes: #19174, #24254, #24990