MSVC: Tolerate cxx_std_23 feature on older compiler versions
In !6174 (merged) we forgot to add cxx_std_23
to the fallback table for
MSVC versions from VS 2010 through VS 2015. This allows project to at
least attempt compilation with these compilers since they do not have
any modes.
Issue: #22729 (closed)
Backport: release