Xcode: Add link phase library linking to any target

• This allows using "Link Binary With Libraries" build phase in any target (not just .app and .framework bundles)
• Adds special treatment for Framework libraries (CMake internally refers to library directly, but Xcode requires reference to .framework bundle)
• Reverts automatically adding libraries passed as absolute paths and imported targets, but can be forced using XCODE_FORCE_LINK_BUILD_PHASE target property
• Adds some error reporting in cases where we can't locate some Xcode object

This improves on !4975 (merged).

Fixes: #21014 (closed) #21046 (closed) #21088 (closed)