/*=========================================================================

  Program:   Visualization Toolkit
  Module:    vtkLabelHierarchy.h

  Copyright (c) Ken Martin, Will Schroeder, Bill Lorensen
  All rights reserved.
  See Copyright.txt or http://www.kitware.com/Copyright.htm for details.

     This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
     the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
     PURPOSE.  See the above copyright notice for more information.

=========================================================================*/
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Copyright 2008 Sandia Corporation.
  Under the terms of Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 with Sandia Corporation,
  the U.S. Government retains certain rights in this software.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// .NAME vtkLabelHierarchy - contains an octree of labels
//
// .SECTION Description
// This class represents labels in a hierarchy used to denote rendering priority.
// A binary tree of labels is maintained that subdivides the bounds of the
// of the label anchors spatially. Which level of the tree a label occupies
// determines its priority; those at higher levels of the tree will be
// more likely to render than those at lower levels of the tree.
//
// Pass vtkLabelHierarchy objects to a vtkLabelPlacementMapper filter for dynamic,
// non-overlapping, per-frame placement of labels.
//
// Note that if we have a d-dimensional binary tree and we want a fixed
// number \f$n\f$ of labels in each node (all nodes, not just leaves),
// we can compute the depth of tree required assuming a uniform distribution
// of points. Given a total of \f$N\f$ points we know that
// \f$\frac{N}{|T|} = n\f$, where \f$|T|\f$ is the cardinality of the tree (i.e.,
// the number of nodes it contains).
// Because we have a uniform distribution, the tree will be uniformly subdivided
// and thus \f$|T| = 1 + 2^d + \left(2^d\right)^2 + \cdots + \left(2^d\right)^k\f$,
// where \f$d\f$ is the dimensionality of the input points (fixed at 3 for now).
// As \f$k\f$ becomes large, \f$|T|\approx 2 \left(2^d\right)^k\f$.
// Using this approximation, we can solve for \f$k\f$:
// \f[ k = \frac{\log{\frac{N}{2n}}}{\log{2^d}} \f]
// Given a set of \f$N\f$ input label anchors, we'll compute \f$k\f$ and then
// bin the anchors into tree nodes at level \f$k\f$ of the tree. After this,
// all the nodes will be in the leaves of the tree and those leaves will be at
// the \f$k\f$-th level; no anchors will be in levels \f$1, 2, \ldots, k-1\f$.
// To fix that, we'll choose to move some anchors upwards.
// The exact number to move upwards depends on \a TargetLabelCount. We'll
// move as many up as required to have \a TargetLabelCount at each node.
//
// You should avoid situations where \a MaximumDepth does not allow for
// \a TargetLabelCount or fewer entries at each node. The \a MaximumDepth
// is a hard limit while \a TargetLabelCount is a suggested optimum. You will
// end up with many more than \a TargetLabelCount entries per node and things
// will be sloooow.

#ifndef vtkLabelHierarchy_h
#define vtkLabelHierarchy_h

#include "vtkRenderingLabelModule.h" // For export macro
#include "vtkPointSet.h"

class vtkAbstractArray;
class vtkCamera;
class vtkCoincidentPoints;
class vtkDataArray;
class vtkIntArray;
class vtkLabelHierarchyIterator;
class vtkPoints;
class vtkPolyData;
class vtkRenderer;
class vtkTextProperty;

class VTKRENDERINGLABEL_EXPORT vtkLabelHierarchy : public vtkPointSet
{
public:
  static vtkLabelHierarchy* New();
  vtkTypeMacro(vtkLabelHierarchy,vtkPointSet);
  virtual void PrintSelf( ostream& os, vtkIndent indent );

  // Description:
  // Override SetPoints so we can reset the hierarchy when the points change.
  virtual void SetPoints( vtkPoints* );

  // Description:
  // Fill the hierarchy with the input labels.
  virtual void ComputeHierarchy();

  // Description:
  // The number of labels that is ideally present at any octree node.
  // It is best if this is a multiple of \f$2^d\f$.
  vtkSetMacro(TargetLabelCount,int);
  vtkGetMacro(TargetLabelCount,int);

  // Description:
  // The maximum depth of the octree.
  vtkSetMacro(MaximumDepth,int);
  vtkGetMacro(MaximumDepth,int);

  // Description:
  // Enumeration of iterator types.
  enum IteratorType {
    FULL_SORT,
    QUEUE,
    DEPTH_FIRST,
    FRUSTUM
  };

  // Description:
  // The default text property assigned to labels in this hierarchy.
  virtual void SetTextProperty(vtkTextProperty* tprop);
  vtkGetObjectMacro(TextProperty,vtkTextProperty);

  // Description:
  // Set/get the array specifying the importance (priority) of each label.
  virtual void SetPriorities(vtkDataArray* arr);
  vtkGetObjectMacro(Priorities,vtkDataArray);

  // Description:
  // Set/get the array specifying the text of each label.
  virtual void SetLabels(vtkAbstractArray* arr);
  vtkGetObjectMacro(Labels,vtkAbstractArray);

  // Description:
  // Set/get the array specifying the orientation of each label.
  virtual void SetOrientations(vtkDataArray* arr);
  vtkGetObjectMacro(Orientations,vtkDataArray);

  // Description:
  // Set/get the array specifying the icon index of each label.
  virtual void SetIconIndices(vtkIntArray* arr);
  vtkGetObjectMacro(IconIndices,vtkIntArray);

  // Description:
  // Set/get the array specifying the size of each label.
  virtual void SetSizes(vtkDataArray* arr);
  vtkGetObjectMacro(Sizes,vtkDataArray);

  // Description:
  // Set/get the array specifying the maximum width and height in world coordinates of each label.
  virtual void SetBoundedSizes(vtkDataArray* arr);
  vtkGetObjectMacro(BoundedSizes,vtkDataArray);

  // Description:
  // Returns an iterator for this data object.
  // positionsAsNormals should only be true when labels are on a sphere centered at the origin
  // (3D world).
  // @param type - the type should be one of FULL_SORT, QUEUE, DEPTH_FIRST, or FRUSTUM.
  // @param ren - the current renderer (used for viewport information)
  // @param cam - the current camera.
  // @param frustumPlanes - should be the output of the camera's frustum planes.
  // @param positionsAsNormals - throws out octree nodes on the opposite side of the origin.
  // @param bucketSize - an array of 2 integers describing the width and height of label placer buckets.
  VTK_NEWINSTANCE vtkLabelHierarchyIterator* NewIterator(
    int type, vtkRenderer* ren, vtkCamera* cam, double frustumPlanes[24], bool positionsAsNormals, float bucketSize[2] );

  // Description:
  // Given a depth in the hierarchy (\a level) and a point \a pt in world space, compute \a ijk.
  // This is used to find other octree nodes at the same \a level that are within the search radius
  // for candidate labels to be placed. It is called with \a pt set to the camera eye point and
  // pythagorean quadruples increasingly distant from the origin are added to \a ijk to identify
  // octree nodes whose labels should be placed.
  // @param[out] ijk - discrete coordinates of the octree node at \a level containing \a pt.
  // @param[in]  pt - input world point coordinates
  // @param[in]  level - input octree level to be considered
  void GetDiscreteNodeCoordinatesFromWorldPoint( int ijk[3], double pt[3], int level );

  // Description:
  // Given a \a level of the tree and \a ijk coordinates in a lattice,
  // compute a \a path down the tree to reach the corresponding lattice node.
  // If the lattice coordinates are outside the tree, this returns
  // false. Otherwise it returns true. This does <b>not</b> guarantee that
  // the path exists in the hierarchy.
  // @param[out] path - a vector of \a level integers specifying which child to descend at each level to reach \a ijk
  // @param[in] ijk - discrete coordinates of the octree node at \a level
  // @param[in] level - input octree level to be considered
  static bool GetPathForNodalCoordinates( int* path, int ijk[3], int level );

  // Description:
  // Inherited members (from vtkDataSet)
  virtual vtkIdType GetNumberOfCells();
  virtual vtkCell* GetCell(vtkIdType);
  virtual void GetCell(vtkIdType, vtkGenericCell*);
  virtual int GetCellType(vtkIdType);
  virtual void GetCellPoints(vtkIdType, vtkIdList*);
  virtual void GetPointCells(vtkIdType, vtkIdList*);
  virtual vtkIdType FindCell(double*, vtkCell*, vtkIdType, double, int&, double*, double*);
  virtual vtkIdType FindCell(double*, vtkCell*, vtkGenericCell*, vtkIdType, double, int&, double*, double*);
  virtual int GetMaxCellSize();

  class Implementation;
  Implementation* GetImplementation() { return this->Impl; }

  // Description:
  // Provide access to original coordinates of sets of coincident points
  vtkGetObjectMacro(CenterPts,vtkPoints);

  // Description:
  // Provide access to the set of coincident points that have been
  // perturbed by the hierarchy in order to render labels for each
  // without overlap.
  vtkGetObjectMacro(CoincidentPoints,vtkCoincidentPoints);

protected:
  vtkLabelHierarchy();
  virtual ~vtkLabelHierarchy();

  int TargetLabelCount;
  int MaximumDepth;
  vtkDataArray* Priorities;
  vtkAbstractArray* Labels;
  vtkDataArray* Orientations;
  vtkIntArray* IconIndices;
  vtkDataArray* Sizes;
  vtkDataArray* BoundedSizes;
  vtkCoincidentPoints* CoincidentPoints;
  vtkPoints* CenterPts;
  vtkTextProperty* TextProperty;

  Implementation* Impl;

  friend class vtkLabelHierarchyFrustumIterator;
  friend class vtkLabelHierarchyFullSortIterator;
  friend class implementation;

private:
  vtkLabelHierarchy( const vtkLabelHierarchy& ); // Not implemented.
  void operator = ( const vtkLabelHierarchy& ); // Not implemented.
};

#endif // vtkLabelHierarchy_h
