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#include <pcl/apps/in_hand_scanner/input_data_processing.h>

#include <pcl/common/point_tests.h>
#include <pcl/features/integral_image_normal.h>

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

pcl::ihs::InputDataProcessing::InputDataProcessing ()
  : normal_estimation_ (new NormalEstimation ()),

    x_min_ (-15.f),
    x_max_ ( 15.f),
    y_min_ (-15.f),
    y_max_ ( 15.f),
    z_min_ ( 48.f),
    z_max_ ( 70.f),

    h_min_ (210.f),
    h_max_ (270.f),
    s_min_ (  0.2f),
    s_max_ (  1.f),
    v_min_ (  0.2f),
    v_max_ (  1.f),

    hsv_inverted_ (false),
    hsv_enabled_ (true),

    size_dilate_ (3),
    size_erode_  (3)
{
  // Normal estimation
  normal_estimation_->setNormalEstimationMethod (NormalEstimation::AVERAGE_3D_GRADIENT);
  normal_estimation_->setMaxDepthChangeFactor (0.02f); // in meters
  normal_estimation_->setNormalSmoothingSize (10.0f);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

bool
pcl::ihs::InputDataProcessing::segment (const CloudXYZRGBAConstPtr& cloud_in,
                                        CloudXYZRGBNormalPtr&       cloud_out,
                                        CloudXYZRGBNormalPtr&       cloud_discarded) const
{
  if (!cloud_in)
  {
    std::cerr << "ERROR in input_data_processing.cpp: Input cloud is invalid.\n";
    return (false);
  }
  if (!cloud_in->isOrganized ())
  {
    std::cerr << "ERROR in input_data_processing.cpp: Input cloud must be organized.\n";
    return (false);
  }

  if (!cloud_out)       cloud_out       = CloudXYZRGBNormalPtr (new CloudXYZRGBNormal ());
  if (!cloud_discarded) cloud_discarded = CloudXYZRGBNormalPtr (new CloudXYZRGBNormal ());

  const unsigned int width  = cloud_in->width;
  const unsigned int height = cloud_in->height;

  // Calculate the normals
  CloudNormalsPtr cloud_normals (new CloudNormals ());
  normal_estimation_->setInputCloud (cloud_in);
  normal_estimation_->compute (*cloud_normals);

  // Get the XYZ and HSV masks.
  MatrixXb xyz_mask (height, width);
  MatrixXb hsv_mask (height, width);

  // cm -> m for the comparison
  const float x_min = .01f * x_min_;
  const float x_max = .01f * x_max_;
  const float y_min = .01f * y_min_;
  const float y_max = .01f * y_max_;
  const float z_min = .01f * z_min_;
  const float z_max = .01f * z_max_;

  float h, s, v;
  for (MatrixXb::Index r=0; r<xyz_mask.rows (); ++r)
  {
    for (MatrixXb::Index c=0; c<xyz_mask.cols (); ++c)
    {
      const PointXYZRGBA& xyzrgb = (*cloud_in)      [r*width + c];
      const Normal&       normal = (*cloud_normals) [r*width + c];

      xyz_mask (r, c) = hsv_mask (r, c) = false;

      if (!std::isnan (xyzrgb.x) && !std::isnan (normal.normal_x) &&
          xyzrgb.x  >= x_min             && xyzrgb.x  <= x_max                    &&
          xyzrgb.y  >= y_min             && xyzrgb.y  <= y_max                    &&
          xyzrgb.z  >= z_min             && xyzrgb.z  <= z_max)
      {
        xyz_mask (r, c) = true;

        this->RGBToHSV (xyzrgb.r, xyzrgb.g, xyzrgb.b, h, s, v);
        if (h >= h_min_ && h <= h_max_ && s >= s_min_ && s <= s_max_ && v >= v_min_ && v <= v_max_)
        {
          if (!hsv_inverted_) hsv_mask (r, c) = true;
        }
        else
        {
          if (hsv_inverted_) hsv_mask (r, c) = true;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  this->erode  (xyz_mask, size_erode_);
  if (hsv_enabled_) this->dilate (hsv_mask, size_dilate_);
  else              hsv_mask.setZero ();

  // Copy the normals into the clouds.
  cloud_out->reserve (cloud_in->size ());
  cloud_discarded->reserve (cloud_in->size ());

  pcl::PointXYZRGBNormal pt_out, pt_discarded;
  pt_discarded.r = 50;
  pt_discarded.g = 50;
  pt_discarded.b = 230;

  PointXYZRGBA xyzrgb;
  Normal       normal;

  for (MatrixXb::Index r=0; r<xyz_mask.rows (); ++r)
  {
    for (MatrixXb::Index c=0; c<xyz_mask.cols (); ++c)
    {
      if (xyz_mask (r, c))
      {
        xyzrgb = (*cloud_in)      [r*width + c];
        normal = (*cloud_normals) [r*width + c];

        // m -> cm
        xyzrgb.getVector3fMap () = 100.f * xyzrgb.getVector3fMap ();

        if (hsv_mask (r, c))
        {
          pt_discarded.getVector4fMap ()       = xyzrgb.getVector4fMap ();
          pt_discarded.getNormalVector4fMap () = normal.getNormalVector4fMap ();

          pt_out.x = std::numeric_limits <float>::quiet_NaN ();
        }
        else
        {
          pt_out.getVector4fMap ()       = xyzrgb.getVector4fMap ();
          pt_out.getNormalVector4fMap () = normal.getNormalVector4fMap ();
          pt_out.rgba                    = xyzrgb.rgba;

          pt_discarded.x = std::numeric_limits <float>::quiet_NaN ();
        }
      }
      else
      {
        pt_out.x       = std::numeric_limits <float>::quiet_NaN ();
        pt_discarded.x = std::numeric_limits <float>::quiet_NaN ();
      }

      cloud_out->push_back       (pt_out);
      cloud_discarded->push_back (pt_discarded);
    }
  }

  cloud_out->width    = cloud_discarded->width    = width;
  cloud_out->height   = cloud_discarded->height   = height;
  cloud_out->is_dense = cloud_discarded->is_dense = false;

  return (true);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

bool
pcl::ihs::InputDataProcessing::calculateNormals (const CloudXYZRGBAConstPtr& cloud_in,
                                                 CloudXYZRGBNormalPtr&       cloud_out) const
{
  if (!cloud_in)
  {
    std::cerr << "ERROR in input_data_processing.cpp: Input cloud is invalid.\n";
    return (false);
  }

  if (!cloud_out)
    cloud_out = CloudXYZRGBNormalPtr (new CloudXYZRGBNormal ());

  // Calculate the normals
  CloudNormalsPtr cloud_normals (new CloudNormals ());
  normal_estimation_->setInputCloud (cloud_in);
  normal_estimation_->compute (*cloud_normals);

  // Copy the input cloud and normals into the output cloud.
  cloud_out->resize (cloud_in->size ());
  cloud_out->width    = cloud_in->width;
  cloud_out->height   = cloud_in->height;
  cloud_out->is_dense = false;

  CloudNormals::const_iterator it_n   = cloud_normals->begin ();
  CloudXYZRGBNormal::iterator  it_out = cloud_out->begin ();

  PointXYZRGBNormal invalid_pt;
  invalid_pt.x        = invalid_pt.y        = invalid_pt.z        = std::numeric_limits <float>::quiet_NaN ();
  invalid_pt.normal_x = invalid_pt.normal_y = invalid_pt.normal_z = std::numeric_limits <float>::quiet_NaN ();
  invalid_pt.data   [3] = 1.f;
  invalid_pt.data_n [3] = 0.f;

  for (auto it_in = cloud_in->begin (); it_in!=cloud_in->end (); ++it_in, ++it_n, ++it_out)
  {
    if (!it_n->getNormalVector4fMap (). hasNaN ())
    {
      // m -> cm
      it_out->getVector4fMap ()       = 100.f * it_in->getVector4fMap ();
      it_out->data [3]                = 1.f;
      it_out->rgba                    = it_in->rgba;
      it_out->getNormalVector4fMap () = it_n->getNormalVector4fMap ();
    }
    else
    {
      *it_out = invalid_pt;
    }
  }

  return (true);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void
pcl::ihs::InputDataProcessing::erode (MatrixXb& mask, const int k) const
{
  mask = manhattan (mask, false).array () > k;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void
pcl::ihs::InputDataProcessing::dilate (MatrixXb& mask, const int k) const
{
  mask = manhattan (mask, true).array () <= k;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

pcl::ihs::InputDataProcessing::MatrixXi
pcl::ihs::InputDataProcessing::manhattan (const MatrixXb& mat, const bool comp) const
{
  MatrixXi dist (mat.rows (), mat.cols ());
  const int d_max = dist.rows () + dist.cols ();

  // Forward
  for (MatrixXi::Index r = 0; r < dist.rows (); ++r)
  {
    for (MatrixXi::Index c = 0; c < dist.cols (); ++c)
    {
      if (mat (r, c) == comp)
      {
        dist (r, c) = 0;
      }
      else
      {
        dist (r, c) = d_max;
        if (r > 0) dist (r, c) = std::min (dist (r, c), dist (r-1, c  ) + 1);
        if (c > 0) dist (r, c) = std::min (dist (r, c), dist (r  , c-1) + 1);
      }
    }
  }

  // Backward
  for (int r = dist.rows () - 1; r >= 0; --r)
  {
    for (int c = dist.cols () - 1; c >= 0; --c)
    {
      if (r < dist.rows ()-1) dist (r, c) = std::min (dist (r, c), dist (r+1, c  ) + 1);
      if (c < dist.cols ()-1) dist (r, c) = std::min (dist (r, c), dist (r  , c+1) + 1);
    }
  }

  return (dist);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void
pcl::ihs::InputDataProcessing::RGBToHSV (const unsigned char r,
                                         const unsigned char g,
                                         const unsigned char b,
                                         float&              h,
                                         float&              s,
                                         float&              v) const
{
  const unsigned char max = std::max (r, std::max (g, b));
  const unsigned char min = std::min (r, std::min (g, b));

  v = static_cast <float> (max) / 255.f;

  if (max == 0) // division by zero
  {
    s = 0.f;
    h = 0.f; // h = -1.f;
    return;
  }

  const float diff = static_cast <float> (max - min);
  s = diff / static_cast <float> (max);

  if (min == max) // diff == 0 -> division by zero
  {
    h = 0;
    return;
  }

  if      (max == r) h = 60.f * (      static_cast <float> (g - b) / diff);
  else if (max == g) h = 60.f * (2.f + static_cast <float> (b - r) / diff);
  else               h = 60.f * (4.f + static_cast <float> (r - g) / diff); // max == b

  if (h < 0.f) h += 360.f;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
